https://ir.nilds.gov.ng//handle/123456789/28 2026-09-30T01:10:06Z 2026-09-30T01:10:06Z Udefuna, Patrick Yerima, Hassan Soliu, Shamshudeen https://ir.nilds.gov.ng//handle/123456789/3654 2026-09-28T14:46:13Z 2026-04-01T00:00:00Z

Borno Attack and Nigeria’s Security Response: Strengthening Legislative Oversight and Policy Coordination Udefuna, Patrick; Yerima, Hassan; Soliu, Shamshudeen Borno State remains the epicentre of Nigeria’s protracted insurgency led by Boko Haram and Islamic State West Africa Province, with over 40,000 deaths and more than 2 million displaced since 2009. Recent attacks, including the April 2026 killing of a senior army general, reveal a resurgence in insurgent sophistication and expose persistent weaknesses in intelligence coordination and rapid response. Despite ongoing efforts such as Operation Hadin Kai, Nigeria’s response remains largely reactive and heavily kinetic, with limited progress in long-term stabilization and civilian protection. At the governance level, weak oversight by the National Assembly has contributed to gaps in accountability and policy coherence. To address these challenges, this brief recommends: • Strengthen statutory oversight mechanisms over counterterrorism operations: Mandate quarterly briefings by security agencies to relevant National Assembly committees, with non-compliance triggering legislative sanctions. • Enact legislation to improve inter-agency intelligence coordination: Provide a clear statutory framework that mandates organized intelligence-sharing, joint operational coordination, and standardized communication protocols among security agencies like the military, DSS, NIA, and Police operatives, while respecting existing command structures under the executive arm. • Institutionalize a legislative monitoring and evaluation framework for security operations: Establish a parliamentary-backed mechanism to assess counterterrorism outcomes through periodic policy reviews, data-driven performance audits, and compliance tracking to ensure coherence, effectiveness, and policy responsiveness.

2026-04-01T00:00:00Z Mikhail, Yahaya Shafiu Yerima, Hassan Soliu, Shamshudeen https://ir.nilds.gov.ng//handle/123456789/3653 2026-09-28T14:44:16Z 2026-04-01T00:00:00Z

Climate Change and Disaster Risk Management: A Legislative Agenda for Resilience in Nigeria Mikhail, Yahaya Shafiu; Yerima, Hassan; Soliu, Shamshudeen Nigeria is increasingly vulnerable to climate-related disasters, yet its disaster management system remains reactive due to fragmented laws, weak coordination, inadequate funding, and poor early warning systems. Despite existing frameworks such as the Climate Change Act (2021) and the Act establishing the National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA), gaps persist. This policy brief argues for strengthening Nigeria’s legal and institutional frameworks to enhance climate adaptation, mitigation, and disaster response. It recommends legislative reforms to improve funding, institutional coordination, early warning systems, and sub-nationalimplementation. Strengthening these areas will enhance national resilience and reduce the socioeconomic impacts of climate-related disasters. This brief recommends a comprehensive legislative approach, including enacting a unified Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) Act, amending the NEMA Act, establishing a Climate and Disaster Resilience Fund, and developing an integrated early warning system to enhance preparedness and resilience

2026-04-01T00:00:00Z Ejalonibu, Ganiyu Ezenwajiobi, Charity Chidinma Amana Naphtali https://ir.nilds.gov.ng//handle/123456789/3652 2026-09-28T13:41:46Z 2026-04-01T00:00:00Z

Climate Change, Governance and Sustainable Development in Nigeria Ejalonibu, Ganiyu; Ezenwajiobi, Charity Chidinma; Amana Naphtali Climate change has emerged as one of the most pressing environmental and developmental challenges facing Nigeria. Rising temperatures, increased frequency of extreme weather events, flooding, desertification, and coastal erosion are already affecting livelihoods, agriculture, infrastructure, and public health. As Africa’s most populous country and one of its largest economies, Nigeria is particularly vulnerable to climate-related shocks due to its heavy reliance on climate-sensitive sectors such as agriculture and natural resources. Recent climate events highlight the severity of the crisis. In 2022, severe flooding affected over 4.4 million people across Nigeria, displaced about 2.4 million individuals, and caused economic losses estimated at over $6.8 billion (World Bank, 2023). The floods also destroyed more than 440,000 hectares of farmland, worsening food insecurity (National Emergency Management Agency [NEMA], 2023). Despite Nigeria’s commitments under international frameworks such as the Paris Agreement, the country continues to face governance and institutional challenges in implementing effective climate policies. Weak coordination among government agencies, limited climate financing, inadequate infrastructure, and insufficient integration of climate considerations into development planning have hindered progress. To strengthen climate governance and resilience, the National Assembly and the Federal Government may consider the implementation of comprehensive policy reforms. The National Assembly may wish to: • Mandate the development of a comprehensive national climate adaptation strategy integrated into development planning. • Strengthen oversight on activities of National Climate Change Council to coordinate climate governance across government institutions. • Strengthen budgetary allocations to investments in irrigation, drought-resistant crops, and sustainable farming techniques can improve agricultural resilience. • Urge the Executive to consider mobilising domestic and international funding to support climate adaptation and mitigation projects. • Mandate stricter enforcement of environmental regulations to combat deforestation and pollution. • Support and accelerate the development of renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, and hydropower. • Convene a joint hearing where relevant MDAs and other stakeholders will be brought together to review and share opinions on climate resilience initiatives.

2026-04-01T00:00:00Z Obot, Etimbuk Udoakang, Boniface Ishaka, Dele https://ir.nilds.gov.ng//handle/123456789/3651 2026-09-28T13:38:30Z 2026-06-01T00:00:00Z

Oil Export Decline and Production Vulnerabilities in Nigeria: Issues for Legislative Attention Obot, Etimbuk; Udoakang, Boniface; Ishaka, Dele Recent international trade data released by the United States Census Bureau and the Bureau of Economic Analysis indicate a decline in Nigeria’s crude oil exports to the United States during the first quarter of 2026. U.S. crude imports from Nigeria reportedly fell from approximately $681.40 million in Q1 2025 to about $578.78 million in Q1 2026, representing a decline of more than 15 per cent in value terms. Export volumes also reportedly declined from 8.44 million barrels to 7.84 million barrels over the same period, while Nigeria’s share of African crude exports to the United States weakened amid increasing competition from other producers, including Libya and Ghana. At the domestic level, operational reports from Nigerian National Petroleum Company Limited indicate that crude production and evacuation activities were affected by pipeline disruptions, infrastructure leakages, and operational constraints, particularly the reported outage on the Trans Forcados Pipeline between February and March 2026. The development comes at a critical time for Nigeria’s economy, given the country’s continued dependence on crude oil revenues for foreign exchange earnings, fiscal stability, debt servicing, budget implementation, and macroeconomic management. The decline also highlights broader concerns regarding Nigeria’s production resilience, infrastructure reliability, export competitiveness, and preparedness for changing global energy market dynamics. The situation exposes persistent structural vulnerabilities within Nigeria’s petroleum sector, including recurring pipeline disruptions, inadequate infrastructure maintenance, operational shutdowns, and export logistics constraints. These challenges continue to undermine production stability, weaken Nigeria’s competitiveness in international energy markets, and increase fiscal vulnerability due to overreliance on crude oil exports. The development further underscores the urgent need for stronger legislative oversight over oil infrastructure management, sector governance, export resilience, and long-term economic diversification strategies aimed at reducing dependence on crude oil revenues. Accordingly, the National Assembly, through its Committees on Petroleum Resources, Finance, and National Planning, may consider: ● Inviting NNPC Ltd., the Nigerian Upstream Petroleum Regulatory Commission, the Ministry of Petroleum Resources, pipeline operators, and export terminal operators to provide detailed briefings on the causes of the recent decline in crude exports to the United States. ● Undertaking a comprehensive oversight review of Nigeria’s crude oil production and evacuation infrastructure, including major pipelines and export terminals, to assess the impact of operational disruptions on production volumes and national revenue generation. ● Assessing the fiscal and macroeconomic implications of declining crude exports on foreign exchange earnings, budget implementation, debt servicing obligations, FAAC allocations, and overall economic stability. ● Reviewing the adequacy of pipeline security, infrastructure maintenance systems, and emergency response mechanisms to identify operational and asset protection gaps within the petroleum sector. ● Examining existing policies relating to domestic refining, petrochemical development, gas commercialisation, and export diversification to strengthen local value addition and reduce long-term dependence on crude oil exports. ● Mandating periodic reporting to the National Assembly on crude oil production performance, export trends, infrastructure integrity, operational disruptions, and revenue remittances to strengthen transparency and evidence-based oversight. ● Encouraging the development of a long-term national energy resilience and export competitiveness strategy that addresses evolving global energy transition policies and changing international market dynamics.

2026-06-01T00:00:00Z